Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are present in the genomes of practically all vertebrates, as a consequence of infiltration of the host germline lineages by circulating exogenous viruses. A typical mammalian genome contains tens to hundreds of thousands of ERV elements, most of which are evolutionarily old and sustained multiple mutation, deletions and rearrangements. Important roles both in physiology and disease processes have been described for some ERV elements, including regulation of host genes, taking part in placenta formation, and influencing immune responses.

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

• (2024), "Human Endogenous Retrovirus Database," https://sciencegateways.org/resources/humanendogenousretrovirusdatabase.

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